Work study is a systematic approach used to examine and improve work processes and methods within an organization. It involves two key techniques: method study and work measurement.
1. Method Study:
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| Method Study |
Method study focuses on analyzing and improving work methods and procedures to enhance productivity, efficiency, and safety. It involves the following steps:
• Selecting the task or process to be studied: The specific task or process is identified for analysis.
• Breaking down the task: The task is broken down into individual steps and elements to understand the sequence and interactions involved.
• Examining the current method: The existing method is observed and analyzed to identify any inefficiencies, redundancies, or unnecessary steps.
• Developing a new method: Alternative methods are explored and evaluated to develop an improved method that eliminates or reduces inefficiencies.
• Implementing the new method: The new method is implemented, and any necessary training and adjustments are made.
• Monitoring and control: The new method is monitored to ensure it is effective, and any required modifications or further improvements are implemented.
Method study aims to eliminate waste, improve utilization of resources, simplify processes, reduce fatigue, and enhance worker satisfaction.
2. Work Measurement:
Work measurement involves quantifying the time required to perform a task or process accurately. It provides a standardized basis for assessing and comparing workloads, setting targets, and allocating resources.
Work measurement typically involves the following steps:
Work Measurement
• Selecting the task or process for measurement: The specific task or process is chosen for time measurement.
• Defining the work elements: The task is broken down into individual work elements, which are the smallest distinguishable components of the task.
• Measuring the time for each work element: The time taken to complete each work element is measured using various techniques such as time study, predetermined motion time systems, or work sampling.
• Determining the standard time: The standard time for completing the task is calculated by summing the times for all the work elements and incorporating any allowances for rest, delays, or non-productive activities.
• Setting performance standards: Based on the standard time, performance standards are established to guide worker productivity and measure performance against the set targets.
• Monitoring and control: Regular monitoring and review of the work measurement data and standards are conducted to ensure ongoing accuracy and effectiveness.
Work measurement helps organizations in determining fair work standards, allocating resources, establishing performance goals, and providing a basis for incentive schemes and time-based planning.
Both method study and work measurement are integral parts of work study, aiming to improve efficiency, productivity, and working conditions. By analyzing and optimizing work methods and accurately measuring work activities, organizations can achieve better resource utilization, cost savings, and improved overall performance.
